UIWebView是iOS最常用的SDK之一,它有一个stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString方法可以将javascript嵌入页面中,通过这个方法我们可以在iOS中与UIWebView中的网页元素交互。

stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString

使用stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString方法,需要等UIWebView中的页面加载完成之后去调用。我们在界面上拖放一个UIWebView控件。在Load中将google mobile加载到这个控件中,代码如下:

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- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
webView.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
webView.scalesPageToFit =YES;
webView.delegate =self;
NSURL *url =[[NSURL alloc] initWithString:@"http://www.google.com.hk/m?gl=CN&hl=zh_CN&source=ihp"];

NSURLRequest *request = [[NSURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];
[webView loadRequest:request];
}

我们在webViewDidFinishLoad方法中就可以通过javascript操作界面元素了。
下面实现一个关于如何进行google关键字搜索的操作
示例1:获取当前页面的url

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- (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView {  
NSString *currentURL = [webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"document.location.href"];
}

示例2:获取页面title

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- (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView {
NSString *title = [webview stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"document.title"];
}

示例3:修改界面元素的值

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- (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView {
NSString
*js_result = [self.webView
stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"document.getElementsByName('q')[0].value='GoWhich';"];
}

示例4:表单提交

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- (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView {
NSString *js_result2 = [webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"document.forms[0].submit(); "];
}

示例3跟示例4,就实现了在google搜索关键字:”Gowich”的功能。

示例5:完整的表单提交
上面的功能我们可以封装到一个js函数中,将这个函数插入到页面上执行,代码如下:

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-(void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView{
[self.webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"var script = document.createElement('script');"
"script.type = 'text/javascript';"
"script.text = \"function searchFunction() { "
"var field = document.getElementsByName('q')[0];"
"field.value='GoWhich';"
"document.forms[0].submit();"
"}\";"
"document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(script);"];

[self.webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"searchFunction();"];
}

第一步、首先通过js创建一个script的标签,type为’text/javascript’。

第二步、然后在这个标签中插入一段字符串,这段字符串就是一个函数:searchFunction,这个函数实现google自动搜索关键字的功能。

第三步、然后使用stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString执行searchFunction函数。

stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString的用法,它的功能非常的强大,用起来非常简单,通过它我们可以很方便的操作uiwebview中的页面元素。
详细代码如下:

GoogleSearchViewController.m

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//
// GoogleSearchViewController.m
// JavascriptAndIOS
//
// Created by david on 13-8-15.
// Copyright (c) 2013年 WalkerFree. All rights reserved.
//

#import "GoogleSearchViewController.h"

@interface GoogleSearchViewController ()

@end

@implementation GoogleSearchViewController

@synthesize webView;

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];

CGRect webFrame = self.view.frame;
webFrame.origin.x = 0;
webFrame.origin.y = 0;

webView = [[UIWebView alloc] initWithFrame:webFrame];
self.webView.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
self.webView.scalesPageToFit =YES;
self.webView.delegate =self;
NSURL *url =[[NSURL alloc] initWithString:@"http://www.google.com.hk/m?gl=CN&hl=zh_CN&source=ihp"];

NSURLRequest *request = [[NSURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];
[self.webView loadRequest:request];
[self.view addSubview:self.webView];

}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
[super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

-(void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView{
[self.webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"var script = document.createElement('script');"
"script.type = 'text/javascript';"
"script.text = \"function searchFunction() { "
"var field = document.getElementsByName('q')[0];"
"field.value='GoWhich';"
"document.forms[0].submit();"
"}\";"
"document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(script);"];

[self.webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"searchFunction();"];
}

@end

GoogleSearchViewController.h

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//
// GoogleSearchViewController.h
// JavascriptAndIOS
//
// Created by david on 13-8-15.
// Copyright (c) 2013年 WalkerFree. All rights reserved.
//

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface GoogleSearchViewController : UIViewController<UIWebViewDelegate>

@property (retain, nonatomic) UIWebView *webView;

@end